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VOLUME 1: Growing Between The Cracks
ECOLOGICAL FACADES: BEYOND SWEETNESS AND CONTROL
Barry Wark

Today, buildings flying the flag of ‘environmentalism,’ or even mislabelled ‘biophilic design,’ struggle to move beyond the qualities of the obsessively vegetated facades of the 20th-century bio-utopias. They convey that if we can return to a Garden of Eden utopia, the environmental crisis will somehow be resolved. Unfortunately, it is scientifically irrefutable that humans have become a geological actor to horrendous effect, and the sweetness of these planted facades is therefore in danger of becoming little more than a short-lived anesthesia to the ongoing crisis. As we move into the age of ecological awareness, architecture needs new aesthetics to help us navigate our evolving relationship with the environment as we move from anthropocentrism to more ecocentric ideologies.
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Unfortunately, many of today’s ‘green’ facades further promote anthropocentric control through integrated planters, drip feed irrigation, and the planting of non-local flora. Many are designed under the banner of ‘bringing nature back into our cities,’ a funny paradox as nature is the cultural construct that separates everything outside of humans and their artifacts, setting up the city's fabricated boundary in the first place. Flora, fauna, and all other living entities are always here. Still, we have designed their visibility out of our facades by making them more easily maintained and wipeable, only permitting their presence in designated areas.
Suppose we want a more ecological-driven façade expression. In that case, we only need to look at the moments of our disused or undermaintained urban environments to see the vibrancy of ‘nature’ taking hold. This is what is known as the urban cliff hypothesis. First outlined by J Ludholm, the principle is that our facades have the same habit templates as cliffs, going quickly from dry to wet and having very little rooting space, and yet, vegetation readily takes hold in both. This alludes to the fact that vegetation will grow on our facades without human intervention, with simple consideration given to the materials, textures, and orientation. Through design, facades could be reimagined, seeing their qualities emerge more as a coproduction between the building and its environment. This would be a humbler display of the facade's relationship with all the other entities that constitute its environment; in other words, it would express its ecology.
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Qualities of non-determinate plant growth, decay, and general degradation of our buildings would be anything but sweet. More likely, they would act as a provocation, asking us to explore our acceptance of the interconnectedness between our artifacts and the environment. Perhaps through humans' resonance with their artifacts, even our own.


01: Glasgow School of Art Extension Concept - Barry Wark (2020)
02,03: MIDDLE: 'Grotto Facade' - Barry Wark (2020)
04: 'Nadarra' - Barry Wark (2023) - £D Printed Sand Wall, Museum of the Future, Dubai.

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